Search results for "Retail trade"
showing 7 items of 7 documents
Retail Evolution in Eastern European Countries: An Overview
2020
Retail has evolved a lot in the last years. Still, compared to more mature markets (such as US, UK, Germany, France, Sweden, the Netherlands), retail in Eastern European countries is less developed, with more balanced supply and demand. According to GfK’s report on European Retail in 2018, in 2017 there was a slight increase (+1.9 percent) in the purchasing power within the European Union (EU28) countries, Romania having the biggest increase (+7.8 percent) [1]. However, Romania’s low per capita purchasing power shows a gap in wealth levels across Europe. Huge differences between Western and Eastern Europe are visible also in terms of per capita values for retail space. Thus, the purpose of …
Flexibility, Segmentation and Use of Labour in Finnish Retail Trade
1990
The purpose of the study is to analyse the effects of management strategies on the segmentation of five department store labour markets in Finland. (1) The competitive strategies of firms are expected to have different con sequences for the use of labour (2) Within firms, the differentiated use of labour is examined in relation to the use of different flexibility strategies In department stores the most important strategy for obtaining (numerical) flexibility has been the fast growth of part-time work.
Competitive reactions to market entry
2004
Grocery retailing markets are becoming more open and international. Finland is an example of a previously closed and restricted market which has recently opened its borders to foreign food products as well as food retailers. This paper describes the competitive dynamics and actions of the domestic retailers that took place when the first foreign grocery retailer entered the market. The paper concludes that the main competitive moves were related to the price of food products and to changes in product ranges. The domestic retailers imitated the concept of the entrant and added new low‐priced own brands into their product mixes. The roles of the market actors were reversed during the entry pr…
Team autonomy, organizational commitment and company performance - a study in the retail trade
2014
The study focuses on the relationship between perceived team autonomy and company performance through highlighting organizational commitment as a mediating factor in this relationship. Data collected in 2007 came from 25 small-sized companies in the retail trade, covering both the employer and employee levels (n = 369). This study aims to shed light on the following questions: first, is team autonomy associated with organizational commitment and company performance? Second, does commitment mediate the relationship between team autonomy and company performance? Results indicated that team autonomy was both directly and indirectly positively associated with company performance. Furthermore, o…
AUSTRIA: Winter Tourism and Sport Retail Most Significant Sport Business Fields
2017
The Austrian sport landscape has undergone many changes within the last decades. One of the biggest changes is that the private sport sector has emerged to be nowadays a major contributor to the Austrian economy. Sport economy in Austria accounts for 4% of the total economic value added and over 333,000 people are connected to workplaces within this sector. Furthermore, the private sport sector contributes to other sectors, for example in the development of new products or materials for the aviation industry. Compared to the total value added in the Austrian sport economy, winter tourism and sport retailers act as the strongest contributors. In this article ski lift operators are presented …
Changing content and form: corporate training in Finnish retailing, 1900–1975
2018
In this paper, I study the history of corporate training in the Finnish retail industry from the beginning to the last quarter of the 20th century. In this effort, I search for answers to questions...
Institutional perspectives on retailing : rethinking the adoption of large-scale retailing in Finland
2018
This dissertation focuses on the adoption of the hypermarket in Finnish retailing and examines how major retail organizations experienced the transition from established practices into new logic of retail business, the large-scale retail trade. The research builds on DiMaggio and Powell’s (1983) analytical categorization of institutional isomorphic mechanisms, but utilizes more recent theorizations and insights of organizational institutionalism in the detailed theoretical framing. My research questions were as follows. How did Finnish retail organizations initially regard the hypermarket format? How did their stances change over time? To answer these questions, I examined the adoption of t…